Variant of CIP 2000 - NGS University-level Historical Groupings

6 - Biological, Biomedical and Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources

61 - Biology and Biomedical Sciences

26.10 - Pharmacology and Toxicology

This subseries comprises instructional program classes 26.1001 to 26.1099.

26.1001 - Pharmacology

This instructional program class comprises any program that focuses on the scientific study of drug interactions on biological systems and organisms and the sources, chemical properties, biological effects, and therapeutic uses of drugs. These programs include courses in pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, toxicology, drug therapeutics, drug action, bodily responses to drug events, biochemical proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis, cell biology, medicinal chemistry, and studies of specific drugs and drug interactions.

• Example Program Names:

  • Pharmacology

• Exclusion

  • Pharmacology and toxicology(26.1007)
  • Psychopharmacology(42.2401)
  • Pharmacy(51.2001)
  • Pharmaceutics(51.2003)

26.1002 - Molecular Pharmacology

This instructional program class comprises any program that focuses on the scientific study of the biochemical and biophysical characteristics of drugs at the molecular level and their interaction with, and effects on, biological macromolecules and cellular structures and processes. These programs include courses in molecular biology and biophysics; pharmacology of signal transduction, transmitters, and protein synthesis and release; receptors, protein interaction and binding; drug discovery and recognition; molecular toxicology; drug design; pharmacodynamics; developmental genetics; and studies of therapeutic strategies.

• Example Program Names:

  • Molecular pharmacology

• Exclusion

  • Pharmacology(26.1001)
  • Pharmacology and toxicology(26.1007)
  • Psychopharmacology(42.2401)
  • Pharmacy(51.2001)

26.1003 - Neuropharmacology

This instructional program class comprises any program that focuses on the scientific study of drugs that modify the function of the brain and central nervous system, the effects of such drugs on health, disease, perception, motor action, and behaviour; and the development of countermeasures and treatment therapies. These programs include courses in neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, behavioural neuroscience, neurobiochemistry, neuropathology, the mechanisms of brain function, medicinal chemistry, pharmaceutics, and studies of specific drugs and drug therapies.

• Example Program Names:

  • Neuropharmacology

• Exclusion

  • Pharmacology(26.1001)
  • Pharmacology and toxicology(26.1007)
  • Neuroscience(30.2401)
  • Psychopharmacology(42.2401)
  • Pharmacy(51.2001)

26.1004 - Toxicology

This instructional program class comprises any program that focuses on the scientific study of poisons and other biohazards; their interactions with organisms and their food and respiratory systems; and their prevention, management, and counteraction. These programs include courses in toxicological biochemistry, toxic agents and transporters, toxin fate, toxicokinetics and metabolism, toxin classification, molecular toxic mechanisms, extracellular matrices and cell function, bacterial pathogenesis and mutagenesis, pathophysiology and apoptosis, cell stress and injury, studies of specific toxins, and studies of specific organ systems and physiological functions in relation to toxicological problems.

• Example Program Names:

  • Biomedical toxicology
  • Toxicology

• Exclusion

  • Hazardous waste technology(15.0508)
  • Molecular toxicology(26.1005)
  • Environmental toxicology(26.1006)
  • Pharmacology and toxicology(26.1007)

26.1005 - Molecular Toxicology

This instructional program class comprises any program that focuses on the scientific study of the genetic determinants of susceptibility to external pollutants and poisons; the interaction of toxic agents with biological systems at the molecular and cellular levels; and the development of countermeasures and treatments. These programs include courses in pharmacogenetics, biomolecular structure, gene expression and regulation, transgenic modelling, toxic events signalling, transcriptional activation, mutagenesis and carcinogenesis, pulmonary toxicology, xenobiotic metabolism, oxidative stress, risk assessment, molecular dosimetry, and studies of specific toxins and treatment therapies.

• Example Program Names:

  • Molecular toxicology

• Exclusion

  • Toxicology(26.1004)
  • Pharmacology and toxicology(26.1007)

26.1006 - Environmental Toxicology

This instructional program class comprises any program that focuses on the scientific study of the health effects associated with exposure to toxic chemicals and systems occurring in the natural, work, and living environments; the management of environmental toxins and toxicity; and the development of protections for humans, animals, and plants. These programs include courses in applied ecology; microbiology; toxin transport, fate, and degradation; dermal toxicology; reproductive and genetic toxicology; atmospheric and environmental chemistry; metals toxicology; environmental mutagens and biotransformation; nutrient interaction; chemical sensitivity, disorders, and disease; risk assessment; animal waste management; environmental health; and hazardous materials management.

• Example Program Names:

  • Ecotoxicology
  • Environmental toxicology

• Exclusion

  • Integrated pest management(01.1105)
  • Environmental studies(03.0103)
  • Environmental science(03.0104)
  • Environmental technology(15.0507)
  • Ecology(26.1301)

26.1007 - Pharmacology and Toxicology, Integrated

This instructional program class comprises any program with an integrated, combined approach to the study of pharmacological and toxicological issues in biology and the biomedical sciences. These programs include courses in topics such as solvents, xenobiotic metabolism, chemical toxicity, neurotoxicology, immunopharmacology, biotransformation, tissue culture and in vitro studies, biomolecular analysis, bioactivation and inactivation, enzyme regulation, chemoprevention and chemotherapy, industrial and chemical studies, radiation health, and bioinformatics.

• Example Program Names:

  • Pharmacology and toxicology

• Exclusion

  • Pharmacology(26.1001)
  • Toxicology(26.1004)

26.1099 - Pharmacology and Toxicology, Other

This instructional program class comprises any program not listed above that relates to Pharmacology and Toxicology.