North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2002
31-33 - Manufacturing
This sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in the physical or chemical transformation of materials or substances into new products. These products may be finished, in the sense that they are ready to be used or consumed, or semi-finished, in the sense of becoming a raw material for an establishment to use in further manufacturing. Related activities, such as the assembly of the component parts of manufactured goods; the blending of materials; and the finishing of manufactured products by dyeing, heat-treating, plating and similar operations are also treated as manufacturing activities. Manufacturing establishments are known by a variety of trade designations, such as plants, factories or mills.
Manufacturing establishments may own the materials which they transform or they may transform materials owned by other establishments. Manufacturing may take place in factories or in workers' homes, using either machinery or hand tools.
Certain activities involving the transformation of goods are classified in other sectors. Some examples are post-harvest activities of agricultural establishments, such as crop drying; logging; the beneficiating of mineral ores; the production of structures by construction establishments; and various activities conducted by retailers, such as meat cutting and the assembly of products such as bicycles and computers.
311 - Food Manufacturing
This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in producing food for human or animal consumption.
Exclusion(s):
Establishments primarily engaged in:
- manufacturing beverages or tobacco (See 312 Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing)
3118 - Bakeries and Tortilla Manufacturing
This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing baked goods. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing bakery products, for retail sale, but not for immediate consumption, are included.
31181 - Bread and Bakery Product Manufacturing
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing bakery products, except cookies and crackers. Establishments classified in this industry may sell to commercial or retail customers, for consumption off the premises.
Exclusion(s):
Establishments primarily engaged in:
- manufacturing cookies and crackers (See 31182 Cookie, Cracker and Pasta Manufacturing)
- selling bakery products, not manufactured on the premises, not for immediate consumption; or made from prepared doughs, for retail sale (See 44529 Other Specialty Food Stores)
- selling bakery products for immediate consumption, e.g. food court outlets, fast food outlets (See 72221 Limited-Service Eating Places)
311811 - Retail BakeriesUS
This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing bakery products, for retail sale, but not for immediate consumption. Establishments in this industry make bakery products from flour, not from prepared doughs.
Exclusion(s):
Establishments primarily engaged in:
- manufacturing bakery products, other than for retail sale (See 311814 Commercial Bakeries and Frozen Bakery Product Manufacturing)
- selling bakery products, not manufactured on the premises, not for immediate consumption; or made from prepared doughs, for retail sale (See 445291 Baked Goods Stores)
- selling bakery products, for immediate consumption, e.g. food court outlets, fast food outlets (See 722210 Limited-Service Eating Places)
Example Activities:
- Bakeries with baking from flour on the premises, for retail sale but not immediate consumption
311814 - Commercial Bakeries and Frozen Bakery Product ManufacturingCAN
This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing bakery products, other than for retail sale. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing frozen baked products are included.
Exclusion(s):
Establishments primarily engaged in:
- manufacturing bakery products, for retail sale, not for immediate consumption (See 311811 Retail Bakeries)
- selling bakery products, not manufactured on the premises, not for immediate consumption; or made from prepared doughs, for retail sale (See 445291 Baked Goods Stores)
- selling bakery products, for immediate consumption (See 722210 Limited-Service Eating Places)
Example Activities:
- Bagels, made in commercial bakeries
- Bakery products, frozen (e.g., cakes, doughnuts, pastries), made in commercial bakeries
- Bakery products, partially cooked, not frozen, made in commercial bakeries
- Biscuits, bread-type, made in commercial bakeries
- Bread and bread-type rolls, made in commercial bakeries
- Buns, bread-type (e.g., hamburger, hot dog), made in commercial bakeries
- Croissants, baking, made in commercial bakeries
- Croutons and bread crumbs, made in commercial bakeries
- Desserts, frozen bakery, manufacturing
- Doughnuts, made in commercial bakeries
- Frozen bakery products, manufacturing
- Frozen bread and bread-type rolls, made in commercial bakeries
- Pastries (e.g., Danish, French), made in commercial bakeries
- Pies, dessert type (except ice cream), manufacturing
- Unleavened bread, made in commercial bakeries
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