North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2022 Version 1.0

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31-33 - Manufacturing

This sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in the chemical, mechanical or physical transformation of materials or substances into new products. These products may be finished, in the sense that they are ready to be used or consumed, or semi-finished, in the sense of becoming a raw material for an establishment to use in further manufacturing. Related activities, such as the assembly of the component parts of manufactured goods; the blending of materials; and the finishing of manufactured products by dyeing, heat-treating, plating and similar operations are also treated as manufacturing activities. Manufacturing establishments are known by a variety of trade designations, such as plants, factories or mills.

Manufacturing establishments may own the materials which they transform or they may transform materials owned by other establishments. Manufacturing may take place in factories or in workers' homes, using either machinery or hand tools.

Units that completely outsource the transformation process but own the input materials are classified to the manufacturing sector. Units that completely outsource the transformation process but do not own the materials are classified to merchant wholesalers in Sector 41 Wholesale trade. These units are in fact buying the completed goods from the producer with the intention to resell it. These units may design the goods being manufactured, and may have some say in the manufacturing process.

Certain activities involving the transformation of goods are classified in other sectors. Some examples are post-harvest activities of agricultural establishments, such as crop drying; logging; the beneficiating of mineral ores; the production of structures by construction establishments; and various activities conducted by retailers, such as meat cutting and the assembly of products such as bicycles and computers.

Sales branches or offices (but not retail stores) maintained by manufacturing, refining, or mining enterprises apart from their plants or mines for the purpose of marketing their products are included in Sector 41 Wholesale trade as merchant wholesalers.

312 - Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing beverages and tobacco products.

3121 - Beverage manufacturing

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing beverages.

  • Exclusion(s)

    • canning fruit and vegetable juices; freezing juices and drinks (See 3114 Fruit and vegetable preserving and specialty food manufacturing)
    • manufacturing milk-based drinks (See 311511 Fluid milk manufacturing)
    • manufacturing soft drink bases or fruit syrups for flavouring; coffee and tea, except ready-to-drink; powdered drink mixes; and non-alcoholic cider (See 3119 Other food manufacturing)
31211 - Soft drink and ice manufacturing

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing soft drinks, ice or bottled water, including that which is naturally carbonated. Water-bottling establishments in this industry purify the water before bottling it.

312110 - Soft drink and ice manufacturingCAN

This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing soft drinks, ice or bottled water. Water-bottling establishments in this industry purify the water before bottling it.

  • Illustrative example(s)

    • fruit drinks (except juice), manufacturing
    • ice manufacturing for food purposes
    • iced tea or coffee, manufacturing
    • soft drinks or soda pop, manufacturing
    • water, purifying and bottling

    All examples

  • Inclusion(s)

    • naturally carbonated bottled water
  • Exclusion(s)

    • bottling water without purification (See 413210 Non-alcoholic beverage merchant wholesalers)
    • canning fruit and vegetable juices (See 311420 Fruit and vegetable canning, pickling and drying)
    • manufacturing dry ice (See 325120 Industrial gas manufacturing)
    • manufacturing frozen fruit and vegetable juice (See 311410 Frozen food manufacturing)
    • manufacturing milk-based drinks (See 311511 Fluid milk manufacturing)
    • manufacturing non-alcoholic beer (See 312120 Breweries)
    • manufacturing non-alcoholic cider (See 311940 Seasoning and dressing manufacturing)
    • manufacturing non-alcoholic wine (See 312130 Wineries)
    • manufacturing soft drink bases or fruit syrups for flavouring (See 311930 Flavouring syrup and concentrate manufacturing)
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