North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2022 Version 1.0

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31-33 - Manufacturing

This sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in the chemical, mechanical or physical transformation of materials or substances into new products. These products may be finished, in the sense that they are ready to be used or consumed, or semi-finished, in the sense of becoming a raw material for an establishment to use in further manufacturing. Related activities, such as the assembly of the component parts of manufactured goods; the blending of materials; and the finishing of manufactured products by dyeing, heat-treating, plating and similar operations are also treated as manufacturing activities. Manufacturing establishments are known by a variety of trade designations, such as plants, factories or mills.

Manufacturing establishments may own the materials which they transform or they may transform materials owned by other establishments. Manufacturing may take place in factories or in workers' homes, using either machinery or hand tools.

Units that completely outsource the transformation process but own the input materials are classified to the manufacturing sector. Units that completely outsource the transformation process but do not own the materials are classified to merchant wholesalers in Sector 41 Wholesale trade. These units are in fact buying the completed goods from the producer with the intention to resell it. These units may design the goods being manufactured, and may have some say in the manufacturing process.

Certain activities involving the transformation of goods are classified in other sectors. Some examples are post-harvest activities of agricultural establishments, such as crop drying; logging; the beneficiating of mineral ores; the production of structures by construction establishments; and various activities conducted by retailers, such as meat cutting and the assembly of products such as bicycles and computers.

Sales branches or offices (but not retail stores) maintained by manufacturing, refining, or mining enterprises apart from their plants or mines for the purpose of marketing their products are included in Sector 41 Wholesale trade as merchant wholesalers.

311 - Food manufacturing

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in producing food for human or animal consumption.

  • Exclusion(s)

    • manufacturing beverages or tobacco (See 312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing)

3111 - Animal food manufacturing

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing food and feed for animals, including pets.

3112 - Grain and oilseed milling

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in milling grains and oilseeds; refining and blending fats and oils; and making breakfast cereal products.

  • Exclusion(s)

    • milling grain to make animal feed (See 3111 Animal food manufacturing)

3113 - Sugar and confectionery product manufacturing

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing sugar and confectionery products.

3114 - Fruit and vegetable preserving and specialty food manufacturing

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing frozen fruits and vegetables; frozen entrées and side dishes of several ingredients, except seafood; and fruits and vegetables preserved by pickling, canning, dehydrating and similar processes.

3115 - Dairy product manufacturing

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dairy products. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing substitute products are included.

3116 - Meat product manufacturing

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing meat products.

3117 - Seafood product preparation and packaging

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in canning seafood, including soup; smoking, salting and drying seafood; preparing fresh fish by removing heads, fins, scales, bones and entrails; shucking and packing fresh shellfish; processing marine fats and oils; and freezing seafood. Establishments known as floating factory ships, that are engaged in shipboard processing of seafood, are included.

3118 - Bakeries and tortilla manufacturing

This industry group comprises establishments engaged in manufacturing baked goods from flour, not from prepared doughs. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing bakery products from flour, for sale to the general public, intended for consumption off the premises, are also included.

3119 - Other food manufacturing

This industry group comprises establishments, not classified to any other industry group, primarily engaged in manufacturing food.

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