North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2012

511 - Publishing industries (except internet)

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in publishing newspapers, periodicals, books, databases, software and other works. These works are characterized by the intellectual creativity required in their development and are usually protected by copyright. Publishers distribute, or arrange for the distribution of copies of these works.

Publishing establishments may create the works in-house, or contract for, purchase, or compile works that were originally created by others. These works may be published in one or more formats including traditional print form, electronic and on-line. Publishers of multimedia products, such as interactive children's books, multimedia CD-ROM and digital video disk (DVD) reference books, and musical greeting cards are also included. Establishments in this subsector may print, reproduce or offer direct on-line access to the works themselves or they may arrange with others to carry out such functions.

• Exclusion(s)

  • publishing exclusively on Internet (See 519130 Internet publishing and broadcasting and web search portals)

5111 - Newspaper, periodical, book and directory publishers

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in publishing (or publishing and printing) newspapers, periodicals, books, maps, directories, databases and other works, such as calendars, catalogues and greeting cards.

• Exclusion(s)

  • publishing software (See 51121 Software publishers)
  • publishing music (See 512230 Music publishers)

5112 - Software publishers

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in publishing computer software, usually for multiple clients and generally referred to as packaged software. These establishments carry out operations necessary for producing and distributing computer software, such as designing, providing documentation, assisting in installation and providing support services to software purchasers. They may design and publish, or publish only.