North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2017 Version 2.0

31-33 - Manufacturing

This sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in the chemical, mechanical or physical transformation of materials or substances into new products. These products may be finished, in the sense that they are ready to be used or consumed, or semi-finished, in the sense of becoming a raw material for an establishment to use in further manufacturing. Related activities, such as the assembly of the component parts of manufactured goods; the blending of materials; and the finishing of manufactured products by dyeing, heat-treating, plating and similar operations are also treated as manufacturing activities. Manufacturing establishments are known by a variety of trade designations, such as plants, factories or mills.

Manufacturing establishments may own the materials which they transform or they may transform materials owned by other establishments. Manufacturing may take place in factories or in workers' homes, using either machinery or hand tools.

Units that completely outsource the transformation process but own the input materials are classified to the manufacturing sector. Units that completely outsource the transformation process but do not own the materials are classified to merchant wholesalers in Sector 41 Wholesale trade. These units are in fact buying the completed goods from the producer with the intention to resell it. These units may design the goods being manufactured, and may have some say in the manufacturing process.

Certain activities involving the transformation of goods are classified in other sectors. Some examples are post-harvest activities of agricultural establishments, such as crop drying; logging; the beneficiating of mineral ores; the production of structures by construction establishments; and various activities conducted by retailers, such as meat cutting and the assembly of products such as bicycles and computers.

Sales branches or offices (but not retail stores) maintained by manufacturing, refining, or mining enterprises apart from their plants or mines for the purpose of marketing their products are included in Sector 41 Wholesale trade as merchant wholesalers.

311 - Food manufacturing

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in producing food for human or animal consumption.

• Exclusion(s)

  • manufacturing beverages or tobacco (See 312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing)

3115 - Dairy product manufacturing

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dairy products. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing substitute products are included.

31151 - Dairy product (except frozen) manufacturing

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dairy products, except frozen. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing substitute products are included.

• Exclusion(s)

  • manufacturing cheese-based salad dressings (See 311940 Seasoning and dressing manufacturing)
  • manufacturing margarine or margarine-butter blends (See 31122 Starch and vegetable fat and oil manufacturing)

311511 - Fluid milk manufacturing^US

This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing milk and processed milk products.

• Illustrative example(s)

  • cottage cheese, manufacturing
  • dairy, fluid milk
  • dips, sour-cream based, manufacturing
  • eggnog, fresh, non-alcoholic, manufacturing
  • milk processing (e.g., bottling, homogenizing, pasteurizing, vitaminizing)
  • whipped toppings (except frozen or dry mix), manufacturing
  • yogurt (except frozen), manufacturing

  All examples

• Inclusion(s)

  • substitute milk products manufacturing

• Exclusion(s)

  • manufacturing canned fluid milk or dietary milk-based drinks (See 311515 Butter, cheese, and dry and condensed dairy product manufacturing)
  • manufacturing dry mix whipped toppings and canned milk (See 311515 Butter, cheese, and dry and condensed dairy product manufacturing)
  • manufacturing ice cream, frozen yogurt and other frozen dairy desserts (See 311520 Ice cream and frozen dessert manufacturing)

311515 - Butter, cheese, and dry and condensed dairy product manufacturing^CAN

This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing butter, cheese, and dry and condensed dairy products.

• Illustrative example(s)

  • cheese (except cottage cheese), manufacturing
  • cheese spreads, manufacturing
  • cheese, imitation, substitute or analog, manufacturing
  • dips, cheese-based, manufacturing
  • milk, concentrated, condensed, dried, evaporated or powdered, manufacturing
  • milkshake mixes, manufacturing
  • non-dairy creamers, dry, manufacturing
  • processed cheese, manufacturing
  • whey, condensed, dried, evaporated and powdered, manufacturing
  • whey, raw, liquid, manufacturing

  All examples

• Inclusion(s)

  • substitute butter, cheese, and dry and condensed dairy products manufacturing

• Exclusion(s)

  • manufacturing cheese-based salad dressings (See 311940 Seasoning and dressing manufacturing)
  • manufacturing cottage cheese (See 311511 Fluid milk manufacturing)
  • manufacturing margarine or margarine-butter blends (See 311225 Fat and oil refining and blending)