Variant of NAICS 2012 - Labour Force

5122 - Sound recording industries

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in producing and distributing music recordings, publishing music, or providing sound recording and related services.

• Exclusion(s)

  • mass duplication of sound recordings (See 334610 Manufacturing and reproducing magnetic and optical media)
  • wholesaling sound recordings (See 414440 Sound recording merchant wholesalers)
  • musical groups and artists (See 711130 Musical groups and artists)
  • songwriters (See 711513 Independent writers and authors)

51221 - Record production

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in record production. These establishments contract with musical artists, and arrange and finance the production of original master recordings. They hold the copyright to the master recording and derive most of their revenues from selling, leasing, and licensing master recordings. They do not have their own duplication or distribution capabilities.

51222 - Integrated record production/distribution

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in releasing, promoting and distributing sound recordings. These establishments manufacture or arrange for the manufacture of recordings, and promote and distribute these products to wholesalers, retailers or directly to the public. They produce master recordings themselves, or obtain reproduction and/or distribution rights to master recordings produced by record production companies or other integrated record companies.

51223 - Music publishers

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in acquiring and registering copyrights in musical compositions, in accordance with the law, and promoting and authorizing the use of these compositions in recordings, on radio and television, in motion pictures, live performances, print, multimedia or other media. These establishments represent the interests of songwriters or other owners of musical compositions in generating revenues from the use of such works, generally through licensing agreements. They may own the copyrights or act as administrators of the music copyrights on behalf of copyright owners.

51224 - Sound recording studios

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing the facilities and technical expertise for sound recording in a studio, and audio production and post-production services for film, television and video. These establishments do not hold the copyrights to the sound recordings produced in their facilities.

51229 - Other sound recording industries

This industry comprises establishments, not classified to any other industry, primarily engaged in providing sound recording services.