Variant of NAICS 1997 - Labour Force Survey (LFS) Industries

1 - Goods-Producing Sector

6 - Manufacturing

31-33 - Manufacturing

This sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in the physical or chemical transformation of materials or substances into new products. These products may be finished, in the sense that they are ready to be used or consumed, or semi-finished, in the sense of becoming a raw material for an establishment to use in further manufacturing. Related activities, such as the assembly of the component parts of manufactured goods; the blending of materials; and the finishing of manufactured products by dyeing, heat-treating, plating and similar operations are also treated as manufacturing activities. Manufacturing establishments are known by a variety of trade designations, such as plants, factories or mills.

Manufacturing establishments may own the materials which they transform or they may transform materials owned by other establishments. Manufacturing may take place in factories or in workers' homes, using either machinery or hand tools.

Certain activities involving the transformation of goods are classified in other sectors. Some examples are post-harvest activities of agricultural establishments, such as crop drying; logging; the beneficiating of mineral ores; the production of structures by construction establishments; and various activities conducted by retailers, such as meat cutting and the assembly of products such as bicycles and computers.

321 - Wood Product Manufacturing

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing products from wood. There are three industry groups in this subsector, comprising establishments engaged in sawing logs into lumber and similar products, or preserving these products; making products that improve the natural characteristics of wood, by making veneers, plywood, reconstituted wood panel products or engineered wood assemblies; and making a diverse range of wood products, such as millwork.

• Exclusion(s):

  Establishments primarily engaged in:

  • logging; and chipping logs in the field (See 113 Forestry and Logging)
  • manufacturing wood pulp, paper and paper products (See 322 Paper Manufacturing)
  • manufacturing wood kitchen cabinets and counters, and bathroom vanities (See 337 Furniture and Related Product Manufacturing)
  • manufacturing wood signs and coffins (See 339 Miscellaneous Manufacturing)

3211 - Sawmills and Wood Preservation

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing boards, dimension lumber, timber, poles and ties from logs and bolts. These establishments produce lumber that may be rough, or dressed by a planing machine to achieve smoothness and uniformity of size, but is generally not further worked or shaped. Establishments that preserve wood are also included.

32111 - Sawmills and Wood Preservation

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing boards, dimension lumber, timber, poles and ties from logs and bolts. These establishments produce lumber that may be rough, or dressed by a planing machine to achieve smoothness and uniformity of size, but is generally not further worked or shaped. Establishments that preserve wood are also included.

• Exclusion(s):

  Establishments primarily engaged in:

  • chipping logs in the field (See 11331 Logging)
  • peeling or slicing logs to make veneer (See 32121 Veneer, Plywood and Engineered Wood Product Manufacturing)
  • manufacturing glued-laminated timber, nailed-laminated lumber beams, parallel strand lumber, laminated veneer lumber, fingerjoined lumber, and similar products (See 32121 Veneer, Plywood and Engineered Wood Product Manufacturing)
  • planing purchased lumber or working lumber further than dressed (See 32191 Millwork)

321111 - Sawmills (except Shingle and Shake Mills)

This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing boards, dimension lumber, timber, poles and ties, and siding, from logs and bolts. These establishments produce lumber that may be rough, or dressed by a planing machine to achieve smoothness and uniformity of size, but (except in the case of siding) is generally not further worked or shaped.

• Example Activities:

  • Chipping logs (except in the forest)
  • Dimension lumber (e.g., 2x4), made from logs or bolts
  • Lath, made from logs or bolts
  • Lumber (i.e., rough, dressed), made from logs or bolts
  • Lumber, hardwood dimension (e.g., 2x4), made from logs or bolts
  • Lumber, softwood dimension (e.g., 2x4), made from logs or bolts
  • Sawdust and shavings, made from logs or bolts (i.e., in a sawmill)
  • Sawmills
  • Siding, dressed lumber, manufacturing
  • Snow fence lath, made from logs or bolts
  • Ties, railroad, made from logs or bolts
  • Timbers, made from logs or bolts
  • Wood chips, made in sawmills

321112 - Shingle and Shake Mills

This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in sawing blocks of wood to produce shingles or splitting blocks of wood to produce shakes.

• Example Activities:

  • Shakes (i.e., hand split shingles), manufacturing
  • Shingle mills, wood

321114 - Wood Preservation

This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in treating lumber, plywood, poles and similar wood products, produced in other establishments, with preservatives to prevent decay and to protect against fire and insects. Establishments primarily engaged in cutting to size and treating poles, pilings, posts and similar roundwood products are included. Pressure treating is the most common method used. Some common preservatives are water-borne inorganic compounds, such as chromated copper arsenate and creosote.

• Example Activities:

  • Creosoting of wood
  • Lumber, treating with creosote or other preservatives
  • Piles, foundation and marine construction, treating
  • Plywood, treating with creosote or other preservatives
  • Pressure treated plywood, made from purchased plywood
  • Railroad ties (i.e., bridge, cross, switch), wood, treating
  • Treating wood products with creosote or other preservatives
  • Wood products, treating with creosote or other preservatives