Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) 2020 Version 1.0 - Socioeconomic Objective (SEO)
RDS105 - Energy (except prospecting)
This division is a socioeconomic objective which covers research and experimental development (R&D) activities with objectives related to improve the production, storage, transportation, distribution and rational use of all forms of energy. This objective also includes R&D activities on processes designed to increase the efficiency of energy production and distribution, and the study of energy conservation. It does not include R&D activities related to prospecting (objective 1 or RDS101) or R&D activities into vehicle and engine propulsion (objective 6 or RDS106).
Exclusion(s)
- characteristics, propagation, growing and harvesting of crops for use as biomass or conversion to biofuels (See RDS10803 Crops)
- design of buildings to minimise energy consumption in the finished building (See RDS10402 Construction design)
- manufacturing of processed products from energy mineral resources (e.g. lubricants, plastics, synthetic resins and paints) (See RDS10605 Agricultural and industrial chemicals)
- production or processing of non-energy mineral resources (See RDS10601 Industrial processes related to mineral resource)
- scientific activities into vehicle and engine propulsion (See RDS106 Industrial production and technology)
- scientific activities related research into pollution, except protection against harmful effects in town and country planning, and into environments affected by energy (including mining) activities (See RDS102 Environmental protection)
- scientific activities related to prospecting energy (See RDS10102 Energy resources exploration)
- water distribution and waste handling services provided by local councils and governments or private and non-profit waste management businesses (See RDS10202 Water provision and waste services)
RDS10501 - Mining and extraction of energy resources
This group covers research and experimental development (R&D) activities directed towards mining and extracting energy mineral resources, as well as the extraction of geothermal energy.
Illustrative example(s)
- coal mining and extraction
- geothermal energy extraction
- oil and gas extraction
- oil shale and tar sands mining and extraction
- uranium mining and extraction
Exclusion(s)
- production or processing of non-energy mineral resources (See RDS10601 Industrial processes related to mineral resource)
- scientific activities related research into pollution, except protection against harmful effects in town and country planning, and into environments affected by mining activities (See RDS102 Environmental protection)
RDS10502 - Preparation and production of energy sources
This group covers research and experimental development (R&D) activities directed towards the preparation and supply of energy resources, including the production of hydrogen from other energy sources and biofuel production.
Illustrative example(s)
- conversion of carbon dioxide to fuels
- hydrogen production from fossil fuels
- hydrogen production from nuclear energy
- hydrogen production from renewable energy
- oil and gas refining
- preparation of coal
- preparation of oil shale and tar sands
- preparation of uranium
- production of biofuels (biomass)
Exclusion(s)
- characteristics, propagation, growing and harvesting of crops for use as biomass or conversion to biofuels (See RDS10803 Crops)
- processing of non-energy mineral resources (See RDS106 Industrial production and technology)
RDS10503 - Energy transformation
This group covers research and experimental development (R&D) activities directed towards the transformation of energy resource minerals into heat, steam or electricity; and the conversion of coal, natural gas, oil shale and tar sands to liquid fuels. It includes hydrogen-based energy systems and fuel cells.
Illustrative example(s)
- fuel cells (except solid oxide)
- hydrogen-based energy systems (including internal hydrogen combustion engines)
- nuclear energy
- solid oxide fuel cells
- transformation of coal into electricity
- transformation of coal into gaseous fuels
- transformation of coal into liquid fuels
- transformation of gas into electricity
- transformation of gas into liquid fuels
Exclusion(s)
- engines for use in transport other than internal hydrogen combustion engines (See RDS10607 Transport equipment)
- production or processing of non-energy mineral resources (See RDS10601 Industrial processes related to mineral resource)
- transformation of renewable energy resources into heat, steam or electricity (See RDS10504 Renewable energy)
RDS10504 - Renewable energy
This group covers research and experimental development (R&D) activities directed towards the conversion of renewable energy resources into heat, steam or electricity, and improving the generation and supply of renewable energy.
Illustrative example(s)
- biofuel (biomass) energy
- geothermal energy
- hydro-electric energy
- solar-photovoltaic energy
- solar-thermal energy, for electrical energy
- solar-thermal energy, for thermal energy
- tidal energy
- wave energy
- wind energy
Exclusion(s)
- fuel cells and hydrogen-based energy systems (See RDS10503 Energy transformation)
- hydrogen production from renewable energy sources (See RDS10502 Preparation and production of energy sources)
RDS10505 - Energy storage and distribution
This group covers research and experimental development (R&D) activities directed towards improving energy distribution including electricity and gas transmission and distribution.
Illustrative example(s)
- battery storage
- carbon capture and storage
- energy services and utilities
- energy storage (except hydrogen)
- energy systems analysis
- energy transmission and distribution (except hydrogen)
- hydrogen distribution
- hydrogen storage
- smart power grids
Exclusion(s)
- distribution of water (See RDS10202 Water provision and waste services)
RDS10506 - Energy conservation and efficiency
This group covers research and experimental development (R&D) activities directed towards the conservation and efficient use of energy in industry, transport, commerce and households. It includes energy used in forms such as petroleum products, electricity, gas, coke and briquettes and in the form of heat energy.
Illustrative example(s)
- commercial energy conservation and efficiency
- energy conservation and efficiency in transport
- energy efficiency in end uses
- industrial energy conservation and efficiency
- residential energy conservation and efficiency
Exclusion(s)
- design of buildings to minimise energy consumption in the finished building (See RDS10402 Construction design)
- minimisation of input waste (except water and energy) (See RDS10201 Environmentally sustainable human activities)
- scientific activities related to research into pollution, except protection against harmful effects in town and country planning, and into environments affected by energy and greenhouse gas sequestration activities (See RDS102 Environmental protection)
- water distribution and waste handling services provided by local councils and governments or private and non-profit waste management businesses (See RDS10202 Water provision and waste services)
RDS10599 - Energy (except prospecting), n.e.c.
This group covers research and experimental development (R&D) activities directed towards energy activities not elsewhere classified, including advancement of knowledge in this area.
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