North American Product Classification System (NAPCS) Canada 2017 Version 2.0

642 - Research and experimental development services

This group comprises research and experimental development services in natural sciences, engineering and technology, medical and health sciences, agricultural and veterinary sciences, social sciences, and humanities and the arts. Research and experimental development (R&D) comprise creative and systemic work undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge - including knowledge of humankind, culture and society - and to devise new applications of available knowledge. The term R&D refers to three types of activity: basic research, applied research and experimental development. Basic research refers to experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarly to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundations of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view. Applied research refers to original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarly towards a specific, pratical aim or objective. Experimental development is systematic work, drawing on knowledge gained from research and practical experience and producing additional knowledge, which is directed to producing new products or processes or to improving existing products or processes.

64242 - Research and experimental developmental services in humanities and the arts

This class comprises research and experimental development services in humanities and the arts. Humanities and the arts refers to disciplines concerned with the study of human actions and conditions and the social, economic and institutional mechanisms affecting humans. Research services consist of systematic investigation carried by means of experiment or analysis to achieve a scientific or technological advance such as acquiring new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts. Experimental development services consist of new or substantially improved goods, services, systems, methods or processes.

642423 - Research and experimental developmental services in philosophy, ethics and religion

This subclass comprises research experimental developmental services in disciplines concerned with the study of human actions and conditions and the social, economic and institutional mechanisms affecting humans such as philosophy, ethics and religion. Research services consist of systematic investigation carried by means of experiment or analysis to achieve a scientific or technological advance such as acquiring new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts. Experimental development services consist of new or substantially improved goods, services, systems, methods or processes.

6424231 - Research and experimental developmental services in philosophy, ethics and religion

Research and experimental developmental services in disciplines concerned with the study of human actions and conditions and the social, economic and institutional mechanisms affecting humans such as philosophy, ethics and religion. Research services consist of systematic investigation carried by means of experiment or analysis to achieve a scientific or technological advance such as acquiring new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts. Experimental development services consist of new or substantially improved goods, services, systems, methods or processes.

• Illustrative example(s)

  • research and experimental development services in applied ethics
  • research and experimental development services in bioethics (human and animal)
  • research and experimental development services in business ethics
  • research and experimental development services in environmental philosophy
  • research and experimental development services in history and philosophy of education
  • research and experimental development services in history and philosophy of engineering and technology
  • research and experimental development services in history and philosophy of science (including non-historical philosophy of science)
  • research and experimental development services in history and philosophy of the social sciences
  • research and experimental development services in legal ethics
  • research and experimental development services in philosophical psychology (including moral psychology and philosophy of action)
  • research and experimental development services in philosophy of specific cultures (including comparative philosophy)
  • research and experimental development services in professional ethics (including police and research ethics)

  All examples

• Exclusion(s)

  • political philosophy (See 6424161 Research and experimental developmental services in political science)
  • psychology of religion (See 6424111 Research and experimental developmental services in psychology and cognitive sciences)
  • sociology and social studies of science and technology (See 6424141 Research and experimental developmental services in sociology)