North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2012

31-33 - Manufacturing

This sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in the chemical, mechanical or physical transformation of materials or substances into new products. These products may be finished, in the sense that they are ready to be used or consumed, or semi-finished, in the sense of becoming a raw material for an establishment to use in further manufacturing. Related activities, such as the assembly of the component parts of manufactured goods; the blending of materials; and the finishing of manufactured products by dyeing, heat-treating, plating and similar operations are also treated as manufacturing activities. Manufacturing establishments are known by a variety of trade designations, such as plants, factories or mills.

Manufacturing establishments may own the materials which they transform or they may transform materials owned by other establishments. Manufacturing may take place in factories or in workers' homes, using either machinery or hand tools.

Factoryless goods producers (FGPs) that completely outsource the transformation process but own the input materials are classified to the manufacturing sector. FGPs that completely outsource the transformation process but do not own the materials are classified to merchant wholesalers in Sector 41 Wholesale trade. These units are in fact buying the completed goods from the producer with the intention to resell it. These units may design the goods being manufactured, and may have some say in the manufacturing process.

Certain activities involving the transformation of goods are classified in other sectors. Some examples are post-harvest activities of agricultural establishments, such as crop drying; logging; the beneficiating of mineral ores; the production of structures by construction establishments; and various activities conducted by retailers, such as meat cutting and the assembly of products such as bicycles and computers.

Sales branches or offices (but not retail stores) maintained by manufacturing, refining, or mining enterprises apart from their plants or mines for the purpose of marketing their products are included in Sector 41 Wholesale trade as merchant wholesalers.

331 - Primary metal manufacturing

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in smelting and refining ferrous and non-ferrous metals from ore, pig or scrap in blast or electric furnaces. Metal alloys are made with the introduction of other chemical elements. The output of smelting and refining, usually in ingot form, is used in rolling and drawing operations to produce sheet, strip, bars, rods and wire, and in molten form to produce castings and other basic metal products.

• Exclusion(s)

  • manufacturing metal forgings or stampings (See 332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing)

3314 - Non-ferrous metal (except aluminum) production and processing

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in smelting, refining, rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying non-ferrous metal, except aluminum.

• Exclusion(s)

  • smelting, refining, rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying aluminum (See 3313 Alumina and aluminum production and processing)

33141 - Non-ferrous metal (except aluminum) smelting and refining

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in smelting non-ferrous metals, except aluminum, from ores; and refining these metals by electrolytic or other processes. Establishments engaged in secondary activities, such as rolling or extruding basic shapes, from metal produced in the same establishment, are included.

331410 - Non-ferrous metal (except aluminum) smelting and refining^US

This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in smelting non-ferrous metals, except aluminum, from ores; and refining these metals by electrolytic or other processes. Establishments engaged in secondary activities, such as rolling or extruding basic shapes, from metal produced in the same establishment, are included.

• Illustrative example(s)

  • chromium smelting and primary refining
  • cobalt smelting and primary refining
  • copper alloys, made in primary copper smelting and refining mills
  • lead smelting and primary refining
  • magnesium smelting and primary refining
  • nickel smelting and primary refining
  • precious metals smelting and primary refining
  • selenium smelting and primary refining
  • tin smelting and primary refining
  • titanium smelting and primary refining
  • uranium smelting and primary refining
  • zinc smelting and primary refining

  All examples

• Exclusion(s)

  • producing bullion at a mine site (See 212220 Gold and silver ore mining)
  • aluminum smelting and refining (See 33131 Alumina and aluminum production and processing)
  • rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying purchased copper (See 331420 Copper rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying)
  • rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying purchased non-ferrous metals, except aluminum and copper (See 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying)