North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2012

31-33 - Manufacturing

This sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in the chemical, mechanical or physical transformation of materials or substances into new products. These products may be finished, in the sense that they are ready to be used or consumed, or semi-finished, in the sense of becoming a raw material for an establishment to use in further manufacturing. Related activities, such as the assembly of the component parts of manufactured goods; the blending of materials; and the finishing of manufactured products by dyeing, heat-treating, plating and similar operations are also treated as manufacturing activities. Manufacturing establishments are known by a variety of trade designations, such as plants, factories or mills.

Manufacturing establishments may own the materials which they transform or they may transform materials owned by other establishments. Manufacturing may take place in factories or in workers' homes, using either machinery or hand tools.

Factoryless goods producers (FGPs) that completely outsource the transformation process but own the input materials are classified to the manufacturing sector. FGPs that completely outsource the transformation process but do not own the materials are classified to merchant wholesalers in Sector 41 Wholesale trade. These units are in fact buying the completed goods from the producer with the intention to resell it. These units may design the goods being manufactured, and may have some say in the manufacturing process.

Certain activities involving the transformation of goods are classified in other sectors. Some examples are post-harvest activities of agricultural establishments, such as crop drying; logging; the beneficiating of mineral ores; the production of structures by construction establishments; and various activities conducted by retailers, such as meat cutting and the assembly of products such as bicycles and computers.

Sales branches or offices (but not retail stores) maintained by manufacturing, refining, or mining enterprises apart from their plants or mines for the purpose of marketing their products are included in Sector 41 Wholesale trade as merchant wholesalers.

331 - Primary metal manufacturing

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in smelting and refining ferrous and non-ferrous metals from ore, pig or scrap in blast or electric furnaces. Metal alloys are made with the introduction of other chemical elements. The output of smelting and refining, usually in ingot form, is used in rolling and drawing operations to produce sheet, strip, bars, rods and wire, and in molten form to produce castings and other basic metal products.

• Exclusion(s)

  • manufacturing metal forgings or stampings (See 332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing)

3312 - Steel product manufacturing from purchased steel

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing iron and steel pipe and tube, drawing steel wire, and rolling steel shapes, from purchased steel.

33122 - Rolling and drawing of purchased steel

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in drawing wire or rolling sheets, strips and bars from purchased iron or steel.

• Exclusion(s)

  • manufacturing wire products from wire drawn in other establishments (See 33261 Spring and wire product manufacturing)

331221 - Cold-rolled steel shape manufacturing^US

This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in cold-rolling steel bars, sheets, strips and other steel shapes, from purchased steel. Establishments primarily engaged in re-heating purchased steel, and hot-rolling steel shapes, are also included.

• Illustrative example(s)

  • cold-rolled steel shapes (e.g., bar, plate, rod, sheet, strip), made from purchased steel
  • hot-rolling purchased steel
  • wire, flat, rolled strip, made from purchased iron or steel

  All examples

• Exclusion(s)

  • manufacturing steel shapes from steel made in the same establishment (See 331110 Iron and steel mills and ferro-alloy manufacturing)

331222 - Steel wire drawing^US

This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in drawing purchased iron or steel rods, bars or wire through a die, to produce wire. Establishments primarily engaged in drawing steel wire and manufacturing wire products are included.

• Illustrative example(s)

  • barbed and twisted wire, made in wire drawing plants
  • drawing wire from purchased iron or steel
  • drawing wire from purchased iron or steel and fabricating wire products
  • wire garment hangers, iron or steel, made in wire drawing plants
  • wire, iron or steel, electric, made in wire drawing plants

  All examples

• Exclusion(s)

  • manufacturing ferrous wire from iron or steel produced in the same establishment (See 331110 Iron and steel mills and ferro-alloy manufacturing)
  • drawing aluminum wire (See 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying)
  • drawing copper wire (See 331420 Copper rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying)
  • drawing non-ferrous wire, except copper and aluminum (See 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying)
  • manufacturing non-insulated wire products from wire drawn in other establishments (See 332619 Other fabricated wire product manufacturing)