North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2012

31-33 - Manufacturing

This sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in the chemical, mechanical or physical transformation of materials or substances into new products. These products may be finished, in the sense that they are ready to be used or consumed, or semi-finished, in the sense of becoming a raw material for an establishment to use in further manufacturing. Related activities, such as the assembly of the component parts of manufactured goods; the blending of materials; and the finishing of manufactured products by dyeing, heat-treating, plating and similar operations are also treated as manufacturing activities. Manufacturing establishments are known by a variety of trade designations, such as plants, factories or mills.

Manufacturing establishments may own the materials which they transform or they may transform materials owned by other establishments. Manufacturing may take place in factories or in workers' homes, using either machinery or hand tools.

Factoryless goods producers (FGPs) that completely outsource the transformation process but own the input materials are classified to the manufacturing sector. FGPs that completely outsource the transformation process but do not own the materials are classified to merchant wholesalers in Sector 41 Wholesale trade. These units are in fact buying the completed goods from the producer with the intention to resell it. These units may design the goods being manufactured, and may have some say in the manufacturing process.

Certain activities involving the transformation of goods are classified in other sectors. Some examples are post-harvest activities of agricultural establishments, such as crop drying; logging; the beneficiating of mineral ores; the production of structures by construction establishments; and various activities conducted by retailers, such as meat cutting and the assembly of products such as bicycles and computers.

Sales branches or offices (but not retail stores) maintained by manufacturing, refining, or mining enterprises apart from their plants or mines for the purpose of marketing their products are included in Sector 41 Wholesale trade as merchant wholesalers.

322 - Paper manufacturing

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing pulp, paper and paper products. The manufacture of pulp involves separating the cellulose fibres from other impurities in wood, used paper or other fibre sources. The manufacture of paper involves matting these fibres into a sheet. Converted paper products are produced from paper and other materials by various cutting and shaping techniques.

3222 - Converted paper product manufacturing

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing paper products from purchased paper and paperboard.

• Exclusion(s)

  • manufacturing paper or paperboard, and converting it into paper or paperboard products (See 3221 Pulp, paper and paperboard mills)

32229 - Other converted paper product manufacturing

This industry comprises establishments, not classified to any other industry, primarily engaged in manufacturing paper products from purchased paper and paperboard.

• Exclusion(s)

  • manufacturing paper and converting it into paper products (See 32212 Paper mills)
  • manufacturing paperboard and converting it into paperboard products (See 322130 Paperboard mills)

322291 - Sanitary paper product manufacturing^US

This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing converted paper sanitary products from purchased paper. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing disposable sanitary products, such as tampons, from textile materials are included.

• Illustrative example(s)

  • facial tissues, made from purchased paper
  • sanitary napkins and tampons, made from purchased paper
  • sanitary paper products (e.g., diapers, tampons, napkins), made from purchased textile fibres
  • serviettes or napkins, paper, made from purchased paper
  • toilet paper, made from purchased paper
  • towels, paper, made from purchased paper

  All examples

322299 - All other converted paper product manufacturing^US

This Canadian industry comprises establishments, not classified to any other Canadian industry, primarily engaged in manufacturing converted paper products, from purchased paper. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing moulded pulp products, such as egg cartons, are included.

• Illustrative example(s)

  • cigarette paper, made from purchased paper
  • confetti, made from purchased paper
  • crepe paper, made from purchased paper
  • die-cut paper products (except office supplies), made from purchased paper or paperboard
  • insulating batts, fills or blankets, made from purchased paper
  • moulded pulp products (e.g., egg cartons, food containers, food trays), manufacturing

  All examples

• Exclusion(s)

  • manufacturing paper, except newsprint, and converting it into paper products (See 322121 Paper (except newsprint) mills)
  • manufacturing paperboard and converting it into paper products (See 322130 Paperboard mills)