North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2012

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31-33 - Manufacturing

This sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in the chemical, mechanical or physical transformation of materials or substances into new products. These products may be finished, in the sense that they are ready to be used or consumed, or semi-finished, in the sense of becoming a raw material for an establishment to use in further manufacturing. Related activities, such as the assembly of the component parts of manufactured goods; the blending of materials; and the finishing of manufactured products by dyeing, heat-treating, plating and similar operations are also treated as manufacturing activities. Manufacturing establishments are known by a variety of trade designations, such as plants, factories or mills.

Manufacturing establishments may own the materials which they transform or they may transform materials owned by other establishments. Manufacturing may take place in factories or in workers' homes, using either machinery or hand tools.

Factoryless goods producers (FGPs) that completely outsource the transformation process but own the input materials are classified to the manufacturing sector. FGPs that completely outsource the transformation process but do not own the materials are classified to merchant wholesalers in Sector 41 Wholesale trade. These units are in fact buying the completed goods from the producer with the intention to resell it. These units may design the goods being manufactured, and may have some say in the manufacturing process.

Certain activities involving the transformation of goods are classified in other sectors. Some examples are post-harvest activities of agricultural establishments, such as crop drying; logging; the beneficiating of mineral ores; the production of structures by construction establishments; and various activities conducted by retailers, such as meat cutting and the assembly of products such as bicycles and computers.

Sales branches or offices (but not retail stores) maintained by manufacturing, refining, or mining enterprises apart from their plants or mines for the purpose of marketing their products are included in Sector 41 Wholesale trade as merchant wholesalers.

322 - Paper manufacturing

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing pulp, paper and paper products. The manufacture of pulp involves separating the cellulose fibres from other impurities in wood, used paper or other fibre sources. The manufacture of paper involves matting these fibres into a sheet. Converted paper products are produced from paper and other materials by various cutting and shaping techniques.

3222 - Converted paper product manufacturing

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing paper products from purchased paper and paperboard.

  • Exclusion(s)

    • manufacturing paper or paperboard, and converting it into paper or paperboard products (See 3221 Pulp, paper and paperboard mills)
32222 - Paper bag and coated and treated paper manufacturing

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing paper bags, and coated and treated paper and paperboard products, from purchased paper and other flexible film materials. The products produced in this industry may be made from a single layer; or from several layers laminated together. The laminated products may consist entirely of materials other than paper, such as plastic film and aluminum foil.

322220 - Paper bag and coated and treated paper manufacturing

This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing paper bags, and coated and treated paper and paperboard products, from purchased paper and other flexible film materials. The products produced in this industry may be made from a single layer; or from several layers laminated together. The laminated products may consist entirely of materials other than paper, such as plastic film and aluminum foil.

  • Illustrative example(s)

    • aluminum foil laminates, made from purchased foil
    • bags, made by laminating or coating combinations of purchased foil, paper and plastics
    • coated and treated paper products, made from purchased paper
    • coated board, made from purchased paperboard
    • foil bags, made from purchased foil
    • grocers' bags and sacks, made from purchased uncoated paper
    • labels, gummed, made from purchased paper
    • laminated gift wrap, made from purchased paper
    • pressure sensitive paper and tape (except medical), made from purchased materials
    • sacks, multiwall, made from purchased uncoated paper
    • tapes (e.g., cellophane, masking, pressure sensitive), gummed, made from purchased paper or other materials
    • wallpaper, made from purchased paper or other materials

    All examples

  • Exclusion(s)

    • manufacturing textile bags (See 314910 Textile bag and canvas mills)
    • manufacturing paper and converting it into paper bags and coated and treated paper products (See 322121 Paper (except newsprint) mills)
    • manufacturing sensitized photographic and blueprint paper (See 325999 All other miscellaneous chemical product manufacturing)
    • manufacturing plastic bags, entirely of plastic (See 326111 Plastic bag and pouch manufacturing)
    • manufacturing aluminum foil (See 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying)
    • manufacturing metal foil containers, such as aluminum pie plates (See 332999 All other miscellaneous fabricated metal product manufacturing)
    • manufacturing medical adhesive tape and plasters (See 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing)
    • manufacturing carbon paper (See 339940 Office supplies (except paper) manufacturing)
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