North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2012

31-33 - Manufacturing

This sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in the chemical, mechanical or physical transformation of materials or substances into new products. These products may be finished, in the sense that they are ready to be used or consumed, or semi-finished, in the sense of becoming a raw material for an establishment to use in further manufacturing. Related activities, such as the assembly of the component parts of manufactured goods; the blending of materials; and the finishing of manufactured products by dyeing, heat-treating, plating and similar operations are also treated as manufacturing activities. Manufacturing establishments are known by a variety of trade designations, such as plants, factories or mills.

Manufacturing establishments may own the materials which they transform or they may transform materials owned by other establishments. Manufacturing may take place in factories or in workers' homes, using either machinery or hand tools.

Factoryless goods producers (FGPs) that completely outsource the transformation process but own the input materials are classified to the manufacturing sector. FGPs that completely outsource the transformation process but do not own the materials are classified to merchant wholesalers in Sector 41 Wholesale trade. These units are in fact buying the completed goods from the producer with the intention to resell it. These units may design the goods being manufactured, and may have some say in the manufacturing process.

Certain activities involving the transformation of goods are classified in other sectors. Some examples are post-harvest activities of agricultural establishments, such as crop drying; logging; the beneficiating of mineral ores; the production of structures by construction establishments; and various activities conducted by retailers, such as meat cutting and the assembly of products such as bicycles and computers.

Sales branches or offices (but not retail stores) maintained by manufacturing, refining, or mining enterprises apart from their plants or mines for the purpose of marketing their products are included in Sector 41 Wholesale trade as merchant wholesalers.

322 - Paper manufacturing

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing pulp, paper and paper products. The manufacture of pulp involves separating the cellulose fibres from other impurities in wood, used paper or other fibre sources. The manufacture of paper involves matting these fibres into a sheet. Converted paper products are produced from paper and other materials by various cutting and shaping techniques.

3222 - Converted paper product manufacturing

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing paper products from purchased paper and paperboard.

• Exclusion(s)

  • manufacturing paper or paperboard, and converting it into paper or paperboard products (See 3221 Pulp, paper and paperboard mills)

32221 - Paperboard container manufacturing

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing paperboard containers, such as setup paperboard boxes, corrugated boxes, fibre boxes, cans and drums, and sanitary food containers, from purchased paperboard. These establishments use corrugating and cutting machinery to form paperboard into containers.

• Exclusion(s)

  • manufacturing paperboard and converting it into containers (See 322130 Paperboard mills)

322211 - Corrugated and solid fibre box manufacturing^US

This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing corrugated and solid fibre boxes and related products, such as corrugated sheets, from purchased paperboard.

• Illustrative example(s)

  • containers, corrugated and solid fibreboard, made from purchased paper or paperboard
  • corrugated paper, made from purchased paper or paperboard
  • folding boxes, corrugated, made from purchased paper or paperboard
  • pads, corrugated and solid fibreboard, made from purchased paper or paperboard
  • pallets, corrugated and solid fibre, made from purchased paper or paperboard
  • partitions, corrugated and solid fibre, made from purchased paper or paperboard

  All examples

• Exclusion(s)

  • manufacturing paperboard and converting it into corrugated and fibre boxes (See 322130 Paperboard mills)

322212 - Folding paperboard box manufacturing^US

This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing folding paperboard boxes, from purchased paperboard.

• Illustrative example(s)

  • cartons, folding (except milk), made from purchased paperboard
  • folding boxes (except corrugated), made from purchased paperboard
  • folding containers (except corrugated), made from purchased paperboard

• Exclusion(s)

  • manufacturing paperboard and converting it into folding boxes (See 322130 Paperboard mills)
  • manufacturing milk cartons (See 322219 Other paperboard container manufacturing)

322219 - Other paperboard container manufacturing^US

This Canadian industry comprises establishments, not classified to any other Canadian industry, primarily engaged in manufacturing paperboard containers, such as setup paperboard boxes, fibre cans and drums, and sanitary food containers, from purchased paperboard.

• Illustrative example(s)

  • fibre cans and drums (i.e., fibre body, ends of any material), made from purchased paperboard
  • food containers, sanitary (except folding), made from purchased paper or paperboard
  • milk cartons, made from purchased paper or paperboard
  • paper dishes (e.g., cups, plates), made from purchased paper or paperboard
  • straws, drinking, made from purchased paper or paperboard

  All examples

• Exclusion(s)

  • manufacturing paperboard and converting it into containers other than corrugated, solid fibre and folding boxes (See 322130 Paperboard mills)