North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2012

31-33 - Manufacturing

This sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in the chemical, mechanical or physical transformation of materials or substances into new products. These products may be finished, in the sense that they are ready to be used or consumed, or semi-finished, in the sense of becoming a raw material for an establishment to use in further manufacturing. Related activities, such as the assembly of the component parts of manufactured goods; the blending of materials; and the finishing of manufactured products by dyeing, heat-treating, plating and similar operations are also treated as manufacturing activities. Manufacturing establishments are known by a variety of trade designations, such as plants, factories or mills.

Manufacturing establishments may own the materials which they transform or they may transform materials owned by other establishments. Manufacturing may take place in factories or in workers' homes, using either machinery or hand tools.

Factoryless goods producers (FGPs) that completely outsource the transformation process but own the input materials are classified to the manufacturing sector. FGPs that completely outsource the transformation process but do not own the materials are classified to merchant wholesalers in Sector 41 Wholesale trade. These units are in fact buying the completed goods from the producer with the intention to resell it. These units may design the goods being manufactured, and may have some say in the manufacturing process.

Certain activities involving the transformation of goods are classified in other sectors. Some examples are post-harvest activities of agricultural establishments, such as crop drying; logging; the beneficiating of mineral ores; the production of structures by construction establishments; and various activities conducted by retailers, such as meat cutting and the assembly of products such as bicycles and computers.

Sales branches or offices (but not retail stores) maintained by manufacturing, refining, or mining enterprises apart from their plants or mines for the purpose of marketing their products are included in Sector 41 Wholesale trade as merchant wholesalers.

311 - Food manufacturing

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in producing food for human or animal consumption.

• Exclusion(s)

  • manufacturing beverages or tobacco (See 312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing)

3116 - Meat product manufacturing

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing meat products.

31161 - Animal slaughtering and processing

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in slaughtering animals, including poultry; preparing processed meats and meat by-products; or rendering animal fat, bones and meat scraps.

• Exclusion(s)

  • producing animal feed from purchased meat products (See 31111 Animal food manufacturing)
  • processing or blending purchased animal fats and oils (See 311225 Fat and oil refining and blending)
  • manufacturing frozen preparations of meat, poultry and other ingredients, such as frozen dinners (See 311410 Frozen food manufacturing)
  • manufacturing preparations, except frozen or fresh, of meat, poultry and other ingredients, such as baby food and pork and beans (See 311420 Fruit and vegetable canning, pickling and drying)
  • manufacturing fresh preparations of meat, poultry and other ingredients, such as pizza and egg rolls (See 311990 All other food manufacturing)

311611 - Animal (except poultry) slaughtering^US

This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in slaughtering animals, except poultry and small game. Establishments that slaughter animals and then prepare meat products are included.

• Illustrative example(s)

  • beef, pork, lamb or veal carcasses, half-carcasses, primal and sub-primal cuts, produced in slaughtering plants
  • boxed and canned meat (except poultry and small game), produced in slaughtering plants
  • frozen meat and meat products (except poultry and small game), produced in slaughtering plants
  • lard and tallow produced in slaughtering plants
  • variety meats (i.e., edible organs), produced in slaughtering plants
  • wieners, sausages, luncheon meats and other prepared meat products (except poultry), produced in slaughtering plants

  All examples

• Exclusion(s)

  • rendering animal fat, bones and meat scraps, or processing purchased meat carcasses (See 311614 Rendering and meat processing from carcasses)

311614 - Rendering and meat processing from carcasses^CAN

This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in rendering animal fat, bones and meat scraps; or preparing meat and meat by-products from carcasses. Establishments known as boxed meat plants, primarily engaged in assembly-line cutting and packing of purchased carcasses, are included.

• Illustrative example(s)

  • boxed meat (except poultry), made by assembly-line cutting of purchased meat
  • canning meat (except poultry, small game, pet food, baby food), from purchased meat
  • ham, canned or preserved, made from purchased meat
  • meat and bone meal, and tankage, processed in rendering plants
  • meat curing, drying, salting, smoking or pickling, made from purchased meat
  • rendering plants (except poultry)
  • tallow, produced in rendering plants
  • wieners, sausages, luncheon meats and other processed meat products (except poultry and small game), made from purchased meat

  All examples

• Exclusion(s)

  • producing dog and cat food from purchased meat (See 311111 Dog and cat food manufacturing)
  • producing animal feed, except dog and cat food, from purchased meat (See 311119 Other animal food manufacturing)
  • processing or blending purchased animal fats and oils (See 311225 Fat and oil refining and blending)
  • manufacturing frozen preparations of meat and other ingredients, such as frozen dinners (See 311410 Frozen food manufacturing)
  • manufacturing preparations, except frozen or fresh, of meat and other ingredients, such as baby food and pork and beans (See 311420 Fruit and vegetable canning, pickling and drying)
  • manufacturing fresh preparations of meat, poultry and other ingredients, such as pizza and egg rolls (See 311990 All other food manufacturing)
  • cutting and packing of purchased meat, except boxed meat cut on an assembly-line basis (See 413160 Red meat and meat product merchant wholesalers)

311615 - Poultry processing^US

This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in slaughtering poultry and small game or preparing processed poultry and small game meat and meat by-products.

• Illustrative example(s)

  • poultry (e.g., canned, cooked, fresh, frozen) processing (except baby or pet food)
  • poultry (e.g., chickens, ducks, geese, turkey) slaughtering and dressing
  • poultry meat products (e.g., hot dogs, luncheon meats, sausages)
  • rabbits slaughtering, processing and dressing (i.e., fresh, frozen, canned or cooked)

  All examples

• Exclusion(s)

  • producing dog and cat food from poultry products (See 311111 Dog and cat food manufacturing)
  • manufacturing frozen preparations of poultry and other ingredients, such as frozen dinners (See 311410 Frozen food manufacturing)
  • manufacturing preparations, except frozen or fresh, of poultry and other ingredients, such as baby food (See 311420 Fruit and vegetable canning, pickling and drying)
  • manufacturing fresh preparations of poultry and other ingredients, such as fresh pot pies (See 311990 All other food manufacturing)