Vital Statistics - Marriage Database

Detailed information for 2000

Status:

Inactive

Frequency:

Annual

Record number:

3232

This is an administrative survey that collects demographic information annually from all provincial and territorial vital statistics registries on all marriages in Canada.

Data release - June 2, 2003

Description

This is an administrative survey that collects demographic information annually from all provincial and territorial vital statistics registries on all new marriages in Canada.

The data are used to calculate basic indicators (such as counts and rates) on marriages occurring in Canada. Information from this database is also used in the calculation of statistics, such as age-specific marriage rates.

For Canada as a whole, it was impossible to compile a satisfactory series of vital statistics prior to 1921. Eight provinces initially joined the cooperative Canadian vital statistics system, leading to the publication of the first annual report for Canada in 1921; that report included Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia. Quebec began to participate in 1926 and Newfoundland in 1949 (after joining Confederation) and their data were included in the tabulations from those years onward. Basic data from the Yukon and Northwest Territories were published as appendices to the national tables from 1924 to 1955; their data were first included in the regular tabulations in 1956. Nunavut came into being officially as a Territory of Canada on April 1, 1999. The name Northwest Territories applies to a Territory with different geographic boundaries before and after April 1, 1999.

Prior to 1944 all vital events were classified by place of occurrence. Since 1944, births, stillbirths, and deaths have been classified by area of reported residence, with births and stillbirths according to the residence of the mother. Marriages continue to be classified by place of occurrence (that is, where the marriage was solemnized).

Reference period: Calendar year

Collection period: From the beginning of the reference period until six months after the end of the reference period

Subjects

  • Families, households and housing
  • Marriage and common-law unions

Data sources and methodology

Target population

The conceptual universe of the Marriage database is new marriages of Canadian residents anywhere in the world.

The target population of the Marriage database is new marriages of Canadian residents in Canada.

The actual (survey) population of the Marriage database is new marriages of Canadian and non-Canadian residents in Canada.

Other types of unions such as common-law relationships, civil unions, and partnerships registered with partnerships registries are excluded.

Instrument design

This methodology does not apply.

Sampling

This survey is a census with a cross-sectional design.

No sampling is done.

Data sources

Responding to this survey is mandatory.

Data are extracted from administrative files.

Provincial and territorial Vital Statistics Acts (or equivalent legislation) render compulsory the registration of all live births, stillbirths, deaths and marriages within their jurisdictions. These Acts follow, as closely as possible, a Model Vital Statistics Act that was developed to promote uniformity of legislation and reporting practices among the provinces and territories.

The Canadian Vital Statistics system operates under an agreement between the Government of Canada and governments of the provinces and territories. The Vital Statistics Council for Canada, an advisory committee set up by an Order-in-Council, oversees policy and operational matters. All provincial and territorial jurisdictions and Statistics Canada are represented on the Vital Statistics Council. Under the agreement, all registrars collect a specified set of data elements, although any of them may decide to collect additional information.

The bride and groom complete the form for the registration of a marriage and the officiant is responsible for filing it with the local registrar.

The central Vital Statistics Registry in each province and territory provides data from marriage registrations to Statistics Canada. The following statistical data items are reported for each marriage for inclusion in the Canadian Vital Statistics system:

- Date of birth of bride and groom (except Newfoundland and Labrador, and Ontario)
- Age and marital status of bride and groom
- Birthplace of bride and groom (except Nova Scotia)
- Place of residence of the bride and groom (except Nova Scotia and Ontario)
- Religion of bride and groom (except New Brunswick, Quebec and British Columbia )
- Birthplace of the bride's and groom's parents (except Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Quebec and Ontario)
- Date, place and officiant of marriage
- Licence or bans (except Newfoundland and Labrador, Quebec and Alberta)
- Religion of officiant (except Nova Scotia, Quebec and Alberta)

All provinces and territories supply microfilm copies or optical images of marriage registration forms to Statistics Canada. In addition, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario and the Western provinces supply machine-readable abstracts of registrations, which contain the required standard information. For Newfoundland and Labrador and the territories, the required standard information on microfilm is converted to machine-readable format at Statistics Canada. Subsequent changes to registrations due to errors or omissions are transmitted to Statistics Canada as the information becomes available. However, changes received after a cut-off date are not reflected in published tabulations.

Error detection

Provinces and territories that supply machine-readable data carry out edits (presence of the data, validation of code ranges, and data consistency) before transmitting their data, based on standard edit specifications prepared by Statistics Canada. Health Statistics Division has actively promoted the use of a standard data dictionary and standard correlation edits for provincial/territorial data entry. More extensive edit routines are applied to the data by Statistics Canada to ascertain the completeness and quality of the data. For 2000, about 16% of the records were assessed for follow-up action either by referring to the microfilmed registrations or optical images or by consulting with the registries. After the preparation of a preliminary data file, verification tables are prepared for review by the registries and Statistics Canada (for example, distributions, large changes, percentage and number of unknowns, outliers, changes in the relative composition).

The last comprehensive study of the quality of data capture and data coding was done in 1981, when error rates for most variables were found to be quite low. Since then, studies have been completed on an irregular basis for specific provinces. The most recent study was done in 2002 on the 2000 Prince Edward Island marriage data following their development of a new data capture system. All marriage registrations were data-captured in Prince Edward Island and by Statistics Canada, and the resulting files compared. Inconsistencies were documented, and a report was sent to the Prince Edward Island Vital Statistics Registrar. Overall, the error rate was very low for most of the important statistical variables (age, previous marital status). Issues being discussed include: the identification and correction of invalid values, the handling of amendments, consideration of recapture and 100% verification of certain variables, and earlier detection of errors.

With Prince Edward Island adopting their own data capture, the only marriage data regularly captured at Statistics Canada are the data from Newfoundland and Labrador and the three territories. Operations and Integration Division maintains data capture quality controls such as 100% verification for new clerks, and sample batch re-capture for experienced clerks to maintain an error rate of less than 3%.

Estimation

This administrative survey does not produce estimates

Quality evaluation

Upon completion of the annual national marriage data base (produced as described in the section Error Detection/Editing), Statistics Canada carries out a series of quality checks that include: 1) producing a set of verification tables which consist of basic tabulations for the majority of variables in the data base by province or territory of occurrence; 2) sending the verification tables to each provincial/territorial registrar of vital statistics for their review and approval that Statistics Canada and the registry obtain the same results; 3) checking for internal consistencies, for example, running frequencies and looking for outliers on certain data elements; and 4) comparing the most recent data year with past data years to detect any unusual or unexpected changes. Comparisons of tabulated data are made with vital statistics data published by the provinces and territories, where available. After Statistics Canada creates the publication data file, the availability of marriage statistics is announced in The Daily.

Disclosure control

Statistics Canada is prohibited by law from releasing any information it collects that could identify any person, business, or organization, unless consent has been given by the respondent or as permitted by the Statistics Act. Various confidentiality rules are applied to all data that are released or published to prevent the publication or disclosure of any information deemed confidential. If necessary, data are suppressed to prevent direct or residual disclosure of identifiable data.

In order to prevent any data disclosure, confidentiality analysis is done using the Statistics Canada Generalized Disclosure Control System (G-Confid). G-Confid is used for primary suppression (direct disclosure) as well as for secondary suppression (residual disclosure). Direct disclosure occurs when the value in a tabulation cell is composed of or dominated by few enterprises while residual disclosure occurs when confidential information can be derived indirectly by piecing together information from different sources or data series.

Revisions and seasonal adjustment

This methodology does not apply to this survey.

Data accuracy

Coverage

Since the registration of marriages is a legal requirement in each Canadian province and territory, reporting is virtually complete. Under-coverage is thought to be minimal, but is being monitored. Under-coverage may occur because of late registration. Some marriages are registered by local authorities, but the paperwork is not forwarded to provincial or territorial registrars before a cut-off date. These cases for 1996 represent approximately 330 marriages, 6 years after the year of marriage (accumulated late records), or two-tenths of one percent of the total records. Under-coverage will occur when Canadian residents marry outside of Canada. There are no estimates for this, but it is thought to be relatively small. Statistics Canada does not receive any data from other countries for these marriages.

Unlike the other vital statistics databases, marriage data are presented only by province of occurrence, and not by province of residence. The variable "province of residence" has not been data captured by several provinces over the years, the largest being Ontario. Without complete reporting, records for non-residents cannot be consistently excluded from the Canadian marriage statistics. This type of over-coverage, however, can be estimated by studying the resident status for records from the provinces and territories that do capture these variables. Using 2000 data, approximately 4% of the records had either a non-resident groom or a non-resident bride (3,381 / 86,452 marriages). In almost half of these marriages (1,633 couples or 2% of records), both the groom and bride were non-residents. These might be tourists or recent emigrants who return to Canada to wed. Where both spouses were non-residents, 61% were from the United States, 13% from the United Kingdom, 4% from Germany, and 3% each from Australia, China (mostly Hong Kong), and Japan. Assuming that all the non-resident couples continued to reside after marriage outside of Canada, and some percentage of the non-resident/resident couples decided to reside in Canada, this type of over-coverage can be estimated at two to four percent of all marriages in Canada.

Over-coverage from duplicate records is minimal to none. Duplicate marriage registrations are identified as part of the regular processing operation on each provincial and territorial subset, as well as by additional inter-provincial checks. Possible duplicate registrations are verified against microfilmed registrations or optical images, or by consulting with the provinces and territories.

For information on response rates and other accuracy issues, refer to the following link.

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