National Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by Income and by Expenditure Accounts

Retained earnings of economy, value

Retained earnings refers to the distributable income less the dividends payable or withdrawal of income from the corporation or quasi-corporation respectively. If the foreign direct investment enterprise is wholly owned by a single foreign direct investor (for example, a branch of a foreign enterprise), the whole of the retained earnings is deemed to be remitted to that investor and then reinvested, in which case the saving of the enterprise must be zero. When a foreign direct investor owns only part of the equity of the direct investment enterprise, the amount that is deemed to be remitted to, and reinvested by, the foreign investor is proportional to the share of the equity owned. Retained earnings are equal to the net operating surplus of the enterprise plus all property income earned less all property income payable (before calculating reinvested earnings) plus current transfers receivable less current transfers payable and less the item for the adjustment for the change in pension entitlements. Reinvested earnings accrued from any immediate subsidiaries are included in the property income receivable by the direct investment enterprise. Retained earnings are also called undistributed corporation profits.

Economy refers to the entire set of resident institutional units. It is divided into sectors that consists of groups of resident institutional units. An institutional unit is resident in a country when it has a centre of economic interest in the economic territory of that country. It is said to have a centre of economic interest when there exists some location - dwelling, place of production or other premises - within the economic territory on, or from, which it engages, and intends to continue to engage, in economic activities and transactions on a significant scale either indefinitely or over a finite period of time.

The data for this variable are reported using the following measurements:

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